Answer to Question 1
It is difficult to assess causal relationships between variables such as violent television viewing and aggressive behavior since most research is correlational, not experimental. It is difficult to know whether it is more likely that children who watch violent television or play violent video games are just more aggressive to begin with and are attracted to such media. On the other hand, experiments that have shown violent television or a model acting aggressively towards an object have shown increased aggressive behavior in randomly assigned children.
Answer to Question 2
C