Fewer negative effects of adolescent employment are observed for students working as lifeguards or office clerks than students working in food services. One possible explanation is that the first category of jobs
a. provide opportunities to learn useful skills that transfer to future jobs.
b. allow students less flexibility in their hours forcing them to become more self-disciplined.
c. pay better, which leads to a higher sense of self-esteem.
d. interfere with students social activities, which allows them to focus on homework in school.
Question 2
According to the Monitoring the Future study, low-income black and Hispanic students spent longer hours working outside school than higher-income white and Asian students, and yet were less likely than the latter to show negative outcomes such as substance use and declining grades. Interviews with the students indicated a possible reason for this finding, which is that the low-income students
a. typically seek to earn spending money rather than helping out their families.
b. were more likely to view both job and school as part of their long-term goals, such as saving money to go to college.
c. were less mature and hence less likely to get into trouble on the job.
d. were less able to balance work hours with schoolwork.
The enhancement effect observed by Emerson.
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