Answer to Question 1
Answer: The ideal answer should include:
1. In Flag, Jasper Johns represented the United States flag with lumps and smears, asking viewers to consider the work as a painting and to contemplate its meaning.
2. Johns created this work during a time of patriotism in the Cold War.
3. Faith Ringgold's God Bless America is a comment on bigotry.
4. She painted at a time that white prejudice was supported by the legal system. She represents the star of the United States flag as a sheriff's badge, the stripes as prison bars, and the woman behind the bars as a prisoner of her bigotry.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: The ideal answer should include:
1. They make a visual record of people, places, and events, such as Mickalene Thomas has done in Portrait of Mnonja.
2. They help us see the world in new ways, as Ken Gonzales-Day has done in At daylight the miserable man was carried to an oak . . .
3. They make functional objects and buildings pleasurable and imbue them with meaning, as Renzo Piano has done in the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Center.
4. They give form to the immaterial, as Jan van Eyck has done in The Ghent Altarpiece.