What are the five basic elements of speaker credibility and what ...

[RYAN BANYAN]

What are the five basic elements of speaker credibility and what can a speaker do to build these elements into their speaking?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
 
  A) Presenting both sides seems to make listeners more resistant to additional new or novel arguments
  B) Presenting negative arguments may create some doubt in the listeners minds and hurt persuasion
  C) When listening to arguments, audience members will likely take one of two routes: central or peripheral.
  D) Audience members compare their position (called an anchor) with the speaker's position, looking for a latitude of acceptance, noncommitment, and rejection.

[jomama]

Answer to Question 1

A speaker's credibility is based on five basic elements, which most listeners observe and average together. Trustworthiness (honesty, fairness, integrity) is the most important element. If a speaker is untrustworthy, credibility is questioned regardless of the other four factors. Several factors affect perceptions of trustworthiness (e.g., eye contact, delivery quality, using active voice). Competency (knowledge, experience, expertise) is judged by several factors. To build competency, avoid nonfluencies, cite personal experiences relevant to the topic, cite prestigious sources, speak confidently, use high-quality visual aids, and wear more traditional high-status clothing. Dynamism is speaking forcefully, enthusiastically, with good vocal variety while remaining conversational. As speakers move from low to moderate dynamism, they are perceived as more credible. As speakers move from moderate to exaggerated dynamism, they are perceived as more phony and less conversational, trustworthy, and credible. Objectivity attached to a speaker who is open-minded, impartial, and unbiased in viewing evidence and arguments and discusses all viewpoints. And finally, Organizational rank influences credibility, but perhaps less than the other four elements.

Answer to Question 2

A