Phrases such as the above mentioned, the former, the latter, and ...

[nmorano1]

Phrases such as the above mentioned, the former, the latter, and the aforementioned are examples of what?
 
  A) Camouflaged verbs
  B) Reworded noun sequences
  C) Dangling modifiers
  D) Hedge sentences
  E) Awkward references

Question 2

A hedge sentence avoids what type of writing issue?
 
  A) Overly long sentences
  B) Parallelism
  C) Absolute or definitive statements
  D) Dangling modifiers
  E) Long noun sequences

[Animal_Goddess]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: E
Explanation: E) Try to avoid vague references such as the above-mentioned, as mentioned above, the aforementioned, the former, the latter, and respectively. Awkward references require the reader to stop reading and replace the reference with the appropriate word.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: C
Explanation: C) Hedging means pulling back from making an absolutely certain, definitive statement about a topic. Granted, sometimes you have to write may or seems to avoid stating a judgment as a fact. However, when you hedge too often or without good reason, you come across as being unsure of what you're saying.

[nmorano1]

Gracias!

[cassie_ragen]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it