This topic contains a solution. Click here to go to the answer

Author Question: Describe three common developmental abnormalities of the kidneys. What will be an ideal ... (Read 149 times)

jeatrice

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 543
Describe three common developmental abnormalities of the kidneys.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Compare and contrast immune complex glomerulonephritis versus diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
 
  What will be an ideal response?



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
Marked as best answer by a Subject Expert

frre432

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 347
Answer to Question 1

Renal agenesis: failure of one or both kidneys to develop; bilateral agenesis is uncommon
Duplications of the urinary tract: formation of extra ureters and renal pelves secondary to the abnormal prenatal development of ureteric buds; may unilateral or bilateral; when there is an extra renal pelvis present, it is known as a complete duplication. Partial duplication is union of both ureters to form a single ureter that enters the bladder.
Abnormalities of position and fusion: kidneys either remain in the pelvis or ascend part way; most common fusion is the union of the lower poles of the two kidneys to form a U-shaped mass of renal tissue or a horseshoe-shaped kidney

Answer to Question 2

Immune complex glomerulonephritis: antigen-antibody complexes are filtered from the blood and accumulate within the walls of the glomerular capillaries where they incite an acute inflammation. Injury to the tissues results from the action of complements and leukocytes; these block the glomeruli, resulting in less blood filtered, less urine output with retention of waste products in the blood, and leakage of proteins
Examples:
Poststreptococcal infection: formation of immune complexes comprised of antistreptococcal antibodies and soluble streptococcal antigens; larger complexes become trapped into the glomerular capillaries inducing an inflammatory reaction
SLE: deposition of autoantibody-containing immune complexes in the glomeruli
IgA nephropathy: accumulation of immune complexes containing IgA with proliferation of mesangial cells, achromic and slowly progressive disease

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis: progressive renal damage in diabetes with nodular and diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and severe sclerosis of the glomerular arterioles Results in reduced glomerular blood flow, reduced urine formed, and leakage of protein




jeatrice

  • Member
  • Posts: 543
Reply 2 on: Jun 25, 2018
:D TYSM


cassie_ragen

  • Member
  • Posts: 347
Reply 3 on: Yesterday
Great answer, keep it coming :)

 

Did you know?

Historic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis have included gold salts, acupuncture, a diet consisting of apples or rhubarb, nutmeg, nettles, bee venom, bracelets made of copper, prayer, rest, tooth extractions, fasting, honey, vitamins, insulin, snow collected on Christmas, magnets, and electric convulsion therapy.

Did you know?

Less than one of every three adults with high LDL cholesterol has the condition under control. Only 48.1% with the condition are being treated for it.

Did you know?

The average person is easily confused by the terms pharmaceutics and pharmacology, thinking they are one and the same. Whereas pharmaceutics is the science of preparing and dispensing drugs (otherwise known as the science of pharmacy), pharmacology is the study of medications.

Did you know?

The senior population grows every year. Seniors older than 65 years of age now comprise more than 13% of the total population. However, women outlive men. In the 85-and-over age group, there are only 45 men to every 100 women.

Did you know?

Of the estimated 2 million heroin users in the United States, 600,000–800,000 are considered hardcore addicts. Heroin addiction is considered to be one of the hardest addictions to recover from.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library