Answer to Question 1
Loss of acid gastric juice or neutralization of gastric juice by antacids; chloride depletion; excess adrenal corticosteroid hormones
Answer to Question 2
First, she should inspect the breasts with her arms at her sides, then as the arms are elevated and lowered, and finally with the hands on the hips. She should look for irregularities in the contours of the breasts or nipples or abnormalities in the skin of the breasts. Next, she should compress the breast tissue gently against the chest wall with her fingertips, palpating all parts of the breast in a clockwise direction. Then, she should compress the breast and nipple to ensure that no discharge or blood can be expressed from the nipple. Lastly, she should press in both armpits, checking for the presence of enlarged lymph nodes or other abnormalities.