Tissue damage in pancreatitis is initially triggered by: a. ...

[tiara099]

Tissue damage in pancreatitis is initially triggered by:
 
  a. insulin toxicity.
  b. autoimmune destruction of the pancreas.
  c. backup of pancreatic enzymes.
  d. hydrochloric acid reflux into the pancreat-ic duct.

Question 2

In alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatocellular damage is caused by:
 
  a. acetaldehyde accumulation.
  b. bile toxicity.
  c. acidosis.
  d. fatty infiltrations.

[Sarahjh]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
In pancreatitis there is backup of pancreatic secretions and activation and release of enzymes (ac-tivated trypsin activates chymotrypsin, lipase, and elastase) within the pancreatic acinar cells. The enzymes become activated, triggering the resulting autodigestion, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The tissue damage associated with pancreatitis is not due to insulin toxicity or to hydro-chloric acid reflux.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Alcoholic cirrhosis is caused by the toxic effects of alcohol metabolism on the liver. Alcohol is transformed to acetaldehyde, and excessive amounts significantly alter hepatocyte function and activate hepatic stellate cells, a primary cell involved in liver fibrosis. Bile toxicity does not cause alcoholic cirrhosis. Acidosis does not cause alcoholic cirrhosis. Fatty infiltrations do not cause alcoholic cirrhosis.

[tiara099]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[laurnthompson]

Excellent