A 22-year-old pregnant woman presents to her OB/GYN for a ...

[robinn137]

A 22-year-old pregnant woman presents to her OB/GYN for a prenatal checkup. The fetal heart-beat sounds irregular, and a fetal echocardiogram reveals an atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect. This defect is the result of:
 
  a. failure of the ductus arteriosus to close.
  b. incomple fusion of the endocardial cush-ions.
  c. a patent foramen ovale.
  d. a right-to-left shunt.

Question 2

An 8-week-old infant's well-baby check reveals a murmur, and an echocardiogram shows a large ventricular septal defect. If left untreated, what condition could develop?
 
  a. Pulmonary hypertension
  b. Cyanosis
  c. Dysrhythmias
  d. Valve damage

[meryzewe]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
AVC defect is the result of incomplete fusion of endocardial cushions. A patent ductus is the failure of the ductus arteriosus to close. The infant will not experience a patent foramen ovale. Flow is generally left to right, not right to left.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
If the degree of shunting is significant and not corrected, the child is at risk for developing pul-monary hypertension. Cyanosis is not present at first if the shift is left to right. Dysrhythmias do not occur. The defect does not lead to valve damage.

[robinn137]

TYSM

[okolip]

Excellent