A 52-year-old male presents with pooling of blood in the veins of ...

[ghost!]

A 52-year-old male presents with pooling of blood in the veins of the lower extremities and edema. The diagnosis is chronic venous insufficiency, and an expected assessment finding of this disorder is:
 
  a. deep vein thrombus formation.
  b. skin hyperpigmentation.
  c. gangrene.
  d. edema above the knee.

Question 2

A 75-year-old obese female presents to her primary care provider reporting edema in the lower extremities. Physical exam reveals that she has varicose veins.
 
  Upon performing the history, which of the following is a possible cause for the varicose veins?
  a. Extreme exercise
  b. Long periods of standing
  c. Trauma to the deep veins
  d. Ischemia

[vickybb89]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Symptoms include edema of the lower extremities and hyperpigmentation of the skin of the feet and ankles but deep vein thrombi do not form. Edema in these areas may extend to the knees but not above. Gangrene does not occur in veins but in arteries.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
The probable cause of the patient's varicose veins is gradual venous distention caused by the ac-tion of gravity on blood in the legs due to long periods of standing. Varicose veins are most like-ly due to long periods of standing leading to the action of gravity promoting venous distention. Exercise would help prevent this. Trauma can occur, but usually this affects the more superficial veins. Ischemia affects arteries not veins.

[ghost!]

TYSM

[mohan]

Excellent