A 40-year-old male complains of uncontrolled excessive movement ...

[NClaborn]

A 40-year-old male complains of uncontrolled excessive movement and progressive dysfunction of intellectual and thought processes.
 
  He is experiencing movement problems that begin in the face and arms and eventually affect the entire body. The most likely diagnosis is:
  a. tardive dyskinesia.
  b. Huntington disease.
  c. hypokinesia.
  d. Alzheimer disease.

Question 2

A nurse notes that a patient walks with the leg extended and held stiff, causing a scraping over the floor surface. What type of gait is the patient experiencing?
 
  a. Spastic gait
  b. Cerebellar gait
  c. Basal ganglion gait
  d. Scissors gait

[ryrychapman11]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Huntington disease is manifested by chorea, abnormal movement that begins in the face and arms and eventually affects the entire body. There is progressive dysfunction of intellectual and thought processes. Tardive dyskinesia is manifested by rapid, repetitive, and stereotypic move-ments. Most characteristic is continual chewing with intermittent protrusions of the tongue, lip smacking, and facial grimacing. Hypokinesia is a loss of voluntary movement despite preserved consciousness and normal peripheral nerve and muscle function. Alzheimer disease is manifested by cognitive deficits and not movement problems; motor impairments will occur in the later stag-es.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
An individual who walks with the leg extended and held stiff, causing a scraping over the floor surface, is experiencing a spastic gait. A cerebellar gait is wide based with the feet apart and of-ten turned outward or inward for greater stability. A basal ganglion gait occurs when the person walks with small steps and a decreased arm swing. A scissors gait is associated with bilateral in-jury and spasticity. The legs are abducted so they touch each other.