Author Question: When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an increased ... (Read 116 times)

Collmarie · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an increased work-load, cardiac myocardial cells will experience hypertrophy which is an:

a. increase in size.
b. decrease in length.
c. increase in excitability.
d. decrease in number.

Question 2

When planning care for the pregnant patient, the nurse will recall that the mammary glands en-large as a consequence of:

a. compensatory hyperplasia.
b. hormonal hyperplasia.
c. hormonal anaplasia.
d. compensatory anaplasia.

xiaomengxian · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Hypertrophy is a compensatory increase in the size of cells in response to mechanical stimuli (also called mechanical load or stress, such as from stretching, repetitive, chronic, pressure, or volume overload) and consequently increases the size of the affected organ. The cells of the heart and kidneys are particularly prone to enlargement. A decrease in length is not associated with hyper-trophy. A deficiency of electrolytes or minerals could lead to an increase in excitability; it is not due to increased workload or related to hypertrophy. A decrease in cell numbers is referred to as hypoplasia.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
An increase in the mammary glands during pregnancy is a result of hormonal changes. The num-ber of mammary cells increases in response to increased hormone levels, not as a compensatory mechanism. Anaplasia is a reversal to less mature cells.