A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What ...

[mrsjacobs44]

A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best response?
 
  a. Fetal exposure to mutagens in the uterus.
  b. Increased paternal age.
  c. Family history of Down syndrome.
  d. Pregnancy in women over age 35.

Question 2

A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?
 
  a. Down syndrome
  b. Cri du chat syndrome
  c. Turner syndrome
  d. Fragile X syndrome

[steff9894]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
The primary risk for Down syndrome is pregnancy in women over 35. Down syndrome is a tri-somy and not due to fetal exposure or paternal age. Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormal-ity and is not related to family history.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
A condition with the presence of a single X chromosome and no homologous X or Y chromo-some, so the individual has a total of 45 chromosomes, is known as Turner syndrome. Down syndrome is a change in one arm of a chromosome. Cri du chat syndrome is due to a chromosome deletion. Fragile X syndrome is due to a break or a gap in a chromosome.