A 57-year-old woman has been diagnosed with atrophic vaginitis ...

[notis]

A 57-year-old woman has been diagnosed with atrophic vaginitis and has expressed surprise to her care provider, citing a lifetime largely free of gynecological health problems.
 
  She has asked what may have contributed to her problem. How can the care provider best respond?
  A)
  The lower levels of estrogen since you've begun menopause make your vagina prone to infection.
  B)
  Vaginitis is not usually the direct result of any single problem, but rather an inevitability of the vaginal dryness that accompanies menopause.
  C)
  This type of vaginitis is most commonly a symptom of a latent sexually transmitted infection that you may have contracted in the distant past.
  D)
  The exact cause of this problem isn't known, but it can usually be resolved with a diet high in probiotic bacteria.

Question 2

A 20-year-old female has come to the clinic complaining of severe menstrual cramps. The clinic nurse practitioner knows that dysmenorrhea occurs when which muscle group contracts?
 
  A)
  Perimetrium
  B)
  Myometrium
  C)
  Endometrium
  D)
  Fundus

[bassamabas]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
A

Feedback:

The lack of vaginal epithelial regeneration after menopause predisposes older woman to vaginitis. It is not necessarily a result of vaginal dryness and is not likely sexually transmitted. The etiology is not unknown, and diet alone is unlikely to resolve the problem.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
B

Feedback:

The middle muscle layer, the myometrium, forms the major portion of the uterine wall. Contractions of these muscle fibers help to expel menstrual flow and the products of conception during miscarriage or childbirth. When pain accompanies the contractions associated with menses, it is called dysmenorrheal. The perimetrium is the outer layer of the uterus. Endometrium, the inner layer of the uterus, is made up of a basal and a superficial layer. The superficial layer is shed during menstruation and regenerated by cells of the basal layer. The fundus is the portion of the uterus that lies about the insertion of the fallopian tubes.