A male infant who is 48 hours postpartum is undergoing ...

[cagreen833]

A male infant who is 48 hours postpartum is undergoing phototherapy for the treatment of jaundice and accompanying high levels of bilirubin. Place the following components of the production of bilirubin in the correct chronological order.
 
  Use all the options.
  A) Conjugated bilirubin
  B) Urobilinogen
  C) Red blood cells
  D) Biliverdin
  E) Free bilirubin

Question 2

A 40-year-old man who is morbidly obese and leads a sedentary lifestyle has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following aspects of the man's obesity likely contributed to his new health problem?
 
  A)
  The low metabolic needs of adipose tissue mimic a hypoglycemic state and suppress insulin secretion.
  B)
  Free fatty acids contribute to problems such as beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.
  C)
  Fat tissue initiates glycogenolysis and reliance on glycogen release rather than metabolism of free glucose.
  D)
  Triglyceride deposits in the pancreas result in damage to beta cells.

[Kedrick2014]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C, D, E, A, B

Feedback:

Hemoglobin from the red blood cell is broken down to form biliverdin, which is rapidly converted to free bilirubin. Inside the hepatocytes, free bilirubin is converted to conjugated bilirubin. Conjugated bilirubin is secreted as a constituent of bile, and in this form, it passes through the bile ducts into the small intestine. In the intestine, approximately one half of the bilirubin is converted into a highly soluble substance called urobilinogen by the intestinal flora.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
B

Feedback:

Type 2 diabetes in obese people is thought to link to the actions of free fatty acids, which include beta cell dysfunction (lipotoxicity), insulin resistance, glucose underutilization, and the accumulation of FFAs and triglycerides reduce hepatic insulin sensitivity

[cagreen833]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[nguyenhoanhat]

Gracias!