A 30-year-old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of ...

[Awilson837]

A 30-year-old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the multiple effects that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the following physiological processes are actions of insulin?
 
  Select all that apply.
  A)
  Increasing the metabolic needs of body cells
  B)
  Promoting the breakdown of stored triglycerides
  C)
  Facilitating triglyceride synthesis from glucose in fat cells
  D)
  Inhibiting protein breakdown
  E)
  Promoting glucose uptake by target cells

Question 2

A 51-year-old male has been diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver disease. He admits to the nurse providing his care that, I know what the lungs do, and I know what the heart does, but honestly I have no idea what the liver does in the body.
 
  Which of the following statements would best underlie the explanation that the nurse provides?
  A)
  The liver is responsible for the absorption of most dietary nutrients as well as the production of growth hormones.
  B)
  The liver contributes to the metabolism of ingested food and provides the fluids that the GI tract requires.
  C)
  The liver metabolizes most components of food and also cleans the blood of bacteria and drugs.
  D)
  The liver maintains a balanced level of electrolytes and pH in the body and stores glucose, minerals, and vitamins.

[DylanD1323]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C, D, E

Feedback:

The actions of insulin are threefold: (1) it promotes glucose uptake by target cells and provides for glucose storage as glycogen; (2) it prevents fat and glycogen breakdown; and (3) it inhibits gluconeogenesis and increases protein synthesis. Insulin acts to promote fat storage by increasing the transport of glucose into fat cells. It also facilitates triglyceride synthesis from glucose in fat cells and inhibits the intracellular breakdown of stored triglycerides. Insulin also inhibits protein breakdown. It does not directly influence the metabolic needs of body cells.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
C

Feedback:

The liver metabolizes protein, carbohydrate, and fat. As well, it metabolizes drugs and removes bacteria by Kupffer cells. Absorption of nutrients takes place in the intestines, and the liver does not produce the bulk of fluids secreted in the GI tract. The liver does not have a primary role in the maintenance of acid-base or electrolyte balance.

[Awilson837]

Thank you

[DylanD1323]

Happy to help you