A nurse educator is orientating new nurses to a renal unit of the ...

[a0266361136]

A nurse educator is orientating new nurses to a renal unit of the hospital. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse include as part of a review of normal glomerular function?
 
  A)
  Nephrons are delicate structures that cannot endure the high pressure that exists in capillary beds elsewhere in the body.
  B)
  Glomerular filtrate is very similar in composition to blood plasma found elsewhere in circulation.
  C)
  Dilation of the afferent arteriole allows more blood into the nephron and increases the glomerular filtration rate.
  D)
  The glomerulus is located between an arteriole and a venule that work together to regulate blood flow.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about mesangial cells within the glomerulus is accurate? Select all that apply. Mesangial cells
 
  A)
  cover the entire amount of endothelial cells contained within the capillaries.
  B)
  have phagocytic properties that remove macromolecular materials.
  C)
  exhibit vasodilator properties to assist with increase in blood flow in times of stress.
  D)
  enlarge (hyperplasia) in response to glomerular diseases.
  E)
  are coiled and drain Bowman capsule.

[annierak]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
B

Feedback:

Because filtration achieves the removal of nearly all blood proteins, the glomerular filtrate is nearly identical to plasma. Nephrons require high pressure to function, and dilation decreases the glomerular filtration rate. The glomerulus is located between two arterioles.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
B, D

Feedback:

Mesangial cells possess phagocytic properties and remove macromolecular materials that enter the intercapillary spaces. Mesangial cells also exhibit contractile properties in response to neurohumoral substances and are thought to contribute to the regulation of blood flow through the glomerulus. Mesangial hyperplasia and increased mesangial matrix occur in a number of glomerular diseases. The nephron tubule, called the proximal convoluted tubule, is coiled and drains the Bowman capsule