Answer to Question 1
Ans:
B
Feedback:
An increase in sympathetic activity by stimulation of the -adrenergic receptors of the heart leads to tachycardia, vasoconstriction, and arrhythmias. Acutely, tachycardia significantly increases the workload of the heart, thus increasing myocardial O2 demand and leading to cardiac ischemia, myocyte damage, and decreased contractility. Decreased renal perfusion would activate the RAA system, increasing heart rate and BP further. Ventricular arrhythmias are primarily seen at this stage of HF.
Answer to Question 2
Ans:
A
Feedback:
The client's alternating bradycardic and tachycardic episodes are indicative of sick sinus syndrome. This pattern is not characteristic of ventricular arrhythmia, premature atrial contractions, or torsade de pointes.