Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes ...

[james]

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes an aspect of the neurobiology of sleep?
 
  A)
  The hypothalamus stimulates the anterior and posterior pituitary to modulate sleeping-waking cycles.
  B)
  The pituitary releases melatonin at predictable points in the circadian rhythm in order to facilitate sleep.
  C)
  The reticular formation, thalamus, and cerebral cortex interact to integrate the sleep-wake cycle.
  D)
  Input from the retinas is interpreted by the cerebellum and contributes to maintenance of the circadian rhythm.

Question 2

If the nurse suspects a spinal cord injury, the patient has developed autonomic dysreflexia. Which of the following assessments would confirm this complication? Select all that apply.
 
  A)
  BP 180/98
  B)
  Skin covered with macular rash
  C)
  Pulse rate 49
  D)
  Complains of a pounding headache
  E)
  Cold, cyanotic lower legs

[samiel-sayed]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

The sleep-wake cycle is rooted anatomically in the reticular formation and the interaction between the thalamus and cerebral cortex. Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland, and the hypothalamus and cerebellum are not central contributors to the sleep-wake cycle.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
A, C, D

Feedback:

Autonomic dysreflexia represents an acute episode of exaggerated sympathetic reflex responses that occur in people with injuries at T6 and above, in which CNS control of spinal reflexes is lost. It is characterized by hypertension (BP 180/98), skin pallor, vagal slowing of the heart rate (pulse 49), and headache ranging from dull to severe and pounding.

[james]

Excellent

[EAN94]

TYSM