Author Question: Which of the following pathophysiological processes would a clinician most likely expect in a client ... (Read 111 times)

storky111 · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

Which of the following pathophysiological processes would a clinician most likely expect in a client with a diagnosis of dementia rather than delirium?

A)
Involvement of cholinergic neurons has caused an accumulation of acetylcholine within synapses.
B)
Hypothyroidism has contributed to a decrease in metabolic activity manifesting in neural inefficiency.
C)
Dehydration secondary to diuretic overuse has manifested in changes in perception.
D)
Plaques have developed between neurons, and neurofibrillary tangles have developed within neurons.

Question 2

During a crime scene investigation, the coroner confirms that rigor mortis has set in. This helps to confirm an approximate time of death. The forensic nurse can explain this process (rigor mortis) to a group of students based on the fact that

A)
troponin is being prevented from forming a cross-bridge between the actin and myosin.
B)
activated by ATP, cross-bridges become attached to the actin filament.
C)
the myosin head catalyzes the breakdown of ATP to provide the energy need so that a cross-bridge can be formed.
D)
at death, the body is unable to complete the actin/myosin cycle and release the coupling between the myosin and actin, creating a state of muscular contration.

vseab · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
D

Feedback:

In Alzheimer disease, there are senile plaques that develop between neurons and neurofibrillary tangles that develop within neurons. There is a decline in synaptic levels of acetylcholine rather than accumulation. Dehydration and hypothyroidism would be associated with delirium, not dementia.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
D

Feedback:

As the muscle begins to degenerate after death, the sarcoplasmic cisternae release their calcium ions, which enable the myosin heads to combine with their sites on the actin molecule. As ATP supplies diminish, no energy source is available to start the normal interaction between the actin and myosin, and the muscle is in a state of rigor until further degeneration destroys the cross-bridges between the actin and myosin.