The son of an 80-year-old man has noticed that in recent weeks ...

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The son of an 80-year-old man has noticed that in recent weeks his father has become incontinent of urine for the first time in his life. The man is later diagnosed with transient urinary incontinence, a condition that is most often attributable to
 
  A)
  decrease in bladder and sphincter tone.
  B)
  bladder outlet obstruction.
  C)
  detrusor instability.
  D)
  medications.

Question 2

A particular disease has a debilitating effect on the ability of sufferers to perform their activities of daily living and is a significant cause of decreased quality of life.
 
  However, few people die as a result of the disease's direct effects. There are hundreds of thousands of Americans living with the disease but relatively few new cases in recent years. Which of the following statements best conveys an accurate epidemiological characterization of the disease?
  A)
  Low mortality; high morbidity; low prevalence; high incidence
  B)
  Low mortality; high morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
  C)
  High mortality; low morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
  D)
  High morbidity; low mortality; high prevalence, low incidence

[kjo;oj]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
D

Feedback:

Many medications commonly taken by older individuals, including long-acting sedatives, hypnotics, and diuretics, can induce incontinence. Chronic urinary incontinence should not be diagnosed or treated without first undertaking a thorough review of the patient's drug regimen. Transient incontinence is less often rooted in physiological changes in the bladder.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
D

Feedback:

Morbidity is associated with quality of life, while mortality is indicative of causation of death. In this case, morbidity is high and mortality is low. Prevalence refers to the number of cases present in a population, while incidence refers to the number of new cases. In this case, prevalence is high, while incidence is low.