While assessing a premature infant born at 25 weeks' gestation, ...

[rmenurse]

While assessing a premature infant born at 25 weeks' gestation, the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurse would suspect which diagnosis when the infant displays poor muscle tone, apnea, and a new onset of somnolence?
 
  A)
  Hydrocephalus
  B)
  Airway obstruction
  C)
  Intraventricular hemorrhage
  D)
  Sepsis

Question 2

A 62-year-old male collapsed while unloading a truck of heavy sacks of feed for his cattle. When he arrived in the emergency department, blood gases reveal a slightly acidic blood sample. The nurse caring for this patient is not surprise with this result
 
 A) The skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and release it into the bloodstream during heavy work/exercise.
 B) During exercise, catabolism will break down stored nutrients and body tissues to produce energy.
 C) Large amounts of free energy are released when ATP is hydrolyzed and then converted into adenosine diphosphate.
 D) Within the mitochondria, energy from reduction of oxygen is used for phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.

[amcvicar]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Prematurity is a risk for IVH. Clinical manifestations are determined by the level of involvement. The most common symptoms are poor muscle tone, lethargy, apnea, decreased hematocrit, and somnolence.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: A

Heart muscle is efficient in converting lactic acid to pyruvic acid and then using the pyruvic acid for fuel. Pyruvic acid is an important source of fuel for the heart during heavy exercise when the skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and releasing it into the bloodstream. Therefore, the blood sample would be acidic by nature. Catabolism will break down stored nutrients and body tissues to produce energy. ATP conversion into ADP and phosphorylation of ADP to ATP are both aerobic metabolism processes.