Abuse of alcohol or street drugs is a frequent cause of: A. ...

[charchew]

Abuse of alcohol or street drugs is a frequent cause of:
 
  A. Mania
  B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  C. Depression
  D. Hypomania

Question 2

It is widely recognized that bereavement-associated depression can last for up to:
 
  A. 6 months
  B. 1 year
  C. 2 years
  D. 5 years

[bookworm410]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
As with other mental health assessments, psychiatric history and history of alcohol and/or drug use should always be elicited; they are commonly associated with depression. What appears to be major depression may actually be a result of alcohol or street drug use (Shea, 1998).

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
It is recognized that the duration for bereavement is more commonly 1 to 2 years. Second, bereavement is recognized as a severe psychosocial stressor that can precipitate a major depressive episode in a vulnerable individual, generally beginning soon after the loss. When major depressive disorder occurs in the context of bereavement, it adds an additional risk for suffering, feelings of worthlessness, suicidal ideation, poorer somatic health, worse interpersonal and work functioning, and an increased risk for persistent complex bereavement disorder. Third, bereavement-related major depression is most likely to occur in individuals with past personal and family histories of major depressive episodes. It is genetically influenced and is associated with similar personality characteristics, patterns of comorbidity, and risks of chronicity and/or recurrence as nonbereavement-related major depressive episodes.

[charchew]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[Sarahjh]

Excellent