Which of the following diagnostic tests is useful to diagnose ...

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Which of the following diagnostic tests is useful to diagnose mitral valve prolapse?
 
  1. Electrocardiogram
  2. Echocardiogram
  3. Cardiac angiography
  4. Transesophageal echocardiography

Question 2

A client is experiencing the ventilation-perfusion mismatch termed shunting. The nurse realizes that the client most likely is not experiencing which of the following disorders?
 
  1. Hemothorax
  2. Intrapulmonary fistulas
  3. Pneumothorax
  4. Pulmonary embolus

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Answer to Question 1

4
Transesophageal echocardiography is useful in the assessment of cardiac murmurs, stenosis, and regurgitation of all four cardiac valves. An electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and cardiac angiography may or may not be useful when diagnosing mitral valve prolapse.

Answer to Question 2

4
Shunting is the portion of the cardiac output that does not exchange with alveolar air. Examples of shunting include hemothorax, pneumothorax, and intrapulmonary fistulas. Pulmonary embolus is the other type of ventilation-perfusion mismatch called dead space.