Answer to Question 1
1
Brain natriuretic peptide is a hormone found in the left ventricle; it is used to help diagnose and grade the severity of heart failure. Blood cultures are used to diagnose carditis. Sedimentation rate is used to diagnose pericarditis. Arterial blood gasses are not used to determine the degree of heart failure.
Answer to Question 2
1
When caring for elderly clients, pace is important. Nurses should slow the pace. The nurse should not ignore the client. The nurse should also not send the client to the surgical holding area in advance since this could prove to be uncomfortable for the elderly client.