Answer to Question 1
C
Implanted infusion ports are used for long-term and complex IV therapy. When not in use, no external catheter is present, and port manufacturers recommend that the port be heparinized every 4 weeks to maintain patency. No other care is required for an unused port. PICCs provide alternative IV access when the patient requires intermediate-length venous access (>7 days to several months). These catheters are used for shorter placements (e.g., 5 to 10 days). Use of peripheral IV therapy increases the risk for patients to develop infection, vein sclerosis, phlebitis, and infiltration.
Answer to Question 2
B
Use a new microaggregate filter to reinfuse each autotransfusion bag. Hang the bag on an IV pole and continue to prime the tubing until all air is gone. Clamp the tubing, attach it to the patient's IV access, and adjust the clamp to deliver the reinfusion at the appropriate rate. Reinfusion is delivered by gravity or by application of a blood cuff (not to exceed 150 mm Hg pressure) or a blood-compatible IV pump. Connect the red and blue connectors on top of the initial collection bag, and remove it by lifting it from the side hook and then from the foot hook. This maintains a closed system within the bag and removes it for use in autotransfusion.
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