Author Question: A 55-year-old male patient has an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) with a PSA ... (Read 106 times)

xroflmao · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

A 55-year-old male patient has an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) with a PSA (prostate-specific antigen) level of 18 ng/mL. The nurse realizes that this patient might be scheduled for which diagnostic test?

1. transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)
2. bone scan
3. MRI
4. CT scan of the spine

Question 2

A male patient complains of frequently not being able to hold urine, especially when the bladder is very full or when lifting objects. What should the nurse do to help this patient?

Select all that apply.
1. Instruct the patient how to do Kegel exercises.
2. Suggest that the patient ask the physician for medications to control this incontinence.
3. Suggest that the patient restrict fluids.
4. Suggest the patient wear a Texas catheter.
5. Suggest the patient wear adult absorbent briefs.

poopface · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1
Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) may be used when the digital rectal examination (DRE) is abnormal or if the PSA (prostate-specific antigen) level is elevated. In the TRUS test, a small probe is inserted in the rectum. The probe gives off sound waves that make a picture of the prostate on a video screen. Guided by this picture, the physician inserts a narrow needle through the rectal wall into the prostate gland, and the needle removes a sample of tissue for examination. The bone scan, MRI, or CT scan may be performed at a later date to determine the presence of tumor metastasis.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1, 4
The symptoms being described by the patient are consistent with incontinence. The treatment plan for incontinence should initially begin with the least invasive measures. Kegel exercises can be used to improve tone and eliminate or reduce stress incontinence but may take some time to provide improvement. A Texas catheter is noninvasive and usually suggested for full incontinence. It may improve the patient's self- esteem and allow him to return to regular activities. Restricting fluids will not decrease incontinence. The use of adult absorbent briefs can be embarrassing to the patient, are usually reserved for patients who are unable to control their bladders, have problems with mobility, or are bedridden.