The nurse suspects that a patient is experiencing paroxysmal ...

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The nurse suspects that a patient is experiencing paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND). What did the nurse assess to make this clinical decision?
 
  Select all that apply.
  1. symptoms occurring at night
  2. pulmonary congestion
  3. improving cardiac reserve
  4. voiding more than one time per night
  5. daytime peripheral edema

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient with possible endocarditis. What is important for the nurse to consider when caring for this patient?
 
  1. Endocarditis does not pose a high risk of damage to affected heart valves.
  2. Patients with this disorder can be treated with open heart surgery to clean the heart valves.
  3. The condition is unrelated to fever, so patients can be medicated with the prescribed antipyretic and observed.
  4. Endocarditis can be prevented in patients at risk by administering antibiotics prior to procedures.

[ebenov]

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1, 2, 4, 5
PND is a condition in which the patient is awakened at night by acute shortness of breath. It occurs when edema fluid that has accumulated during the day is reabsorbed into the circulation at night, causing pulmonary congestion. Nocturia, or voiding more than once a night, is associated with PND. Daytime peripheral edema contributes to the development of PND. PND is often a symptom of chronic heart failure, which is characterized by decreasing cardiac reserve and dependent edema that worsens as the day progresses.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 4
Endocarditis can be prevented in patients at risk by administering antibiotics prior to procedures. Endocarditis carries serious risks of damage to heart valves. Fever may be present in endocarditis. Open heart surgery is not an appropriate treatment for this condition.

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Gracias!

[strudel15]

Excellent