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Author Question: The patient's admitting 12-lead ECG shows wide, M-shaped P waves. Which of the following admitting ... (Read 39 times)

wenmo

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on: Jun 25, 2018
The patient's admitting 12-lead ECG shows wide, M-shaped P waves. Which of the following admitting diagnoses could be responsible for this finding?
 
  a. Mitral stenosis
  b. Chronic pulmonary disease
  c. Hypotension
  d. Pericarditis

Question 2

A patient in diabetic ketoacidosis is very lethargic and has a funny  odor to his breath. The nurse would suspect this to be a result of
 
  a. alcohol intoxication.
  b. hyperglycemia.
  c. hyperphosphatemia.
  d. acetone.


Kjones0604

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Reply #1 on: Jun 25, 2018
Answer to Question 1

A
Wide, M-shaped P waves are seen in left atrial hypertrophy and are called P mitrale because left atrial hypertrophy is often caused by mitral stenosis.

Answer to Question 2

D
Acid ketones dissociate and yield hydrogen ions (H+) that accumulate and precipitate a fall in serum pH. The level of serum bicarbonate also decreases consistent with a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. Breathing becomes deep and rapid (Kussmaul respirations) to release carbonic acid in the form of carbon dioxide. Acetone is exhaled, giving the breath its characteristic fruity odor.


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