Author Question: A patient has a 10-year history of diabetes mellitus The patient is admitted to the critical care ... (Read 143 times)

cool · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

A patient has a 10-year history of diabetes mellitus

The patient is admitted to the critical care unit with complaints of increased lethargy. Serum laboratory values validate the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following symptoms is most suggestive of DKA?

a. Irritability
b. Excessive thirst
c. Rapid weight gain
d. Peripheral edema

Question 2

Which classification of medication is used to reduce volume and concentration of gastric secretions?

a. Antacids
b. Histamine2 (H2) antagonists
c. Gastric mucosal agents
d. Gastric proton pump inhibitors

Pariscourtney · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B
DKA has a predictable clinical presentation. It is usually preceded by patient complaints of malaise, headache, polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Nausea, vomiting, extreme fatigue, dehydration, and weight loss follow. Central nervous system depression, with changes in the level of consciousness, can lead quickly to coma.

Answer to Question 2

B
Histamine2 (H2) antagonists are used to reduce volume and concentration of gastric secretions. Antacids are used to buffer stomach acid and raise gastric ph. Gastric mucosal agents forms an ulcer-adherent complex with proteinaceous exudate. It covers the ulcer and protects against acid, pepsin, and bile salts. Gastric proton pump inhibitors inactivate acid or hydrogen acid pump, blocking secretion of hydrochloric acid by gastric parietal cells.