The physiologic effect of left ventricular afterload reduction is ...

[wenmo]

The physiologic effect of left ventricular afterload reduction is
 
  a. decreased left atrial tension.
  b. decreased systemic vascular resistance.
  c. increased filling pressures.
  d. decreased cardiac output.

Question 2

Long-term ventilator management over 21 days is best handled through use of a(n)
 
  a. oropharyngeal airway.
  b. esophageal obturator airway.
  c. tracheostomy tube.
  d. endotracheal intubation.

[ASDFGJLO]

Answer to Question 1

B
Afterload is defined as the pressure the ventricle generates to overcome the resistance to ejection created by the arteries and arterioles. After a decrease in afterload, wall tension is lowered. The technical name for afterload is systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Resistance to ejection from the right side of the heart is estimated by calculating the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). The PVR value is normally one-sixth of the SVR.

Answer to Question 2

C
Although no ideal time to perform the procedure has been identified, it is commonly accepted that if a patient has been intubated or is anticipated to be intubated for longer than 7 to 10 days, a tracheostomy should be performed.

[wenmo]

Excellent

[ghepp]

Gracias!