A patient was given the diagnosis of congestive heart failure ...

[bobbie]

A patient was given the diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) 2 years ago
 
  The patient complains of increased daytime sleepiness and states his support system has been complaining more and more about snoring. Central sleep apnea is suspected. Treatment depends on whether the patient has hypercapnic or nonhypercapnic central sleep apnea. Which of the following indicates a diagnosis of nonhypercapnic central sleep apnea (CSA)?
 
  a. Polysomnography with absence of airflow for at least 5 seconds
  b. Apneahypopnea index of 10
  c. Peripheral edema, polycythemia, and obesity
  d. Insomnia, awakenings accompanied by choking, and normal body mass index

Question 2

Acute illness disrupts the patient's and family's normal routines. Coping mechanisms include (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. denial.
  b. adaptation.
  c. values.
  d. anger.
  e. disbelief.

[katieost]

Answer to Question 1

D
Nonhypercapnic central sleep apnea characteristics include daytime sleepiness, insomnia or poor sleep, mild or intermittent snoring, and awakenings accompanied by choking or feeling short of breath; frequently, patients are of normal body weight. CSA can be seen on polysomnography as an absence of airflow and respiratory effort for at least 10 seconds.

Answer to Question 2

A, D, E
Denial, disbelief, and anger are all examples of coping mechanisms that patients use to help in stressful situations. Adaptation is the ability to break down emotional barriers that affect willingness and readiness for learning. Values are considered sociocultural factors for coping with stress.