The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman who admits to using ...

[dejastew]

The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman who admits to using Ecstasy on a regular basis. The client states, Everybody knows that alcohol is bad during pregnancy, but what's the big deal about Ecstasy? Which response by the nurse is appropriate
 
  A) Ecstasy use leads to deficiencies of thiamine and folic acid, which help the baby develop.
  B) Ecstasy use produces babies with small heads, short bodies, and brain function alterations.
  C) Ecstasy use results in intrauterine growth restriction and meconium aspiration.
  D) Ecstasy use has been associated with long-term impaired memory and learning in the child.

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure (CHF) who currently smokes cigarettes and has a 50 pack-year smoking history.
 
  When providing smoking cessation education to the client, which statements regarding the pathophysiology of nicotine use are appropriate? Select all that apply.
  A) In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine.
  B) In high doses, nicotine stimulates the parasympathetic system to release epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction.
  C) Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability.
  D) Nicotine is a nonpsychoactive substance found in tobacco.
  E) Gradual reduction of nicotine appears to be the best method of cessation.

[frogdreck123456]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: D

Little is known about the effects of Ecstasy on pregnancy. Preliminary research does suggest that ecstasy is associated with long-term impaired memory and learning in the child. The impact on the timing of Ecstasy use by the pregnant woman during critical brain development may be a critical issue. Alcohol use, not Ecstasy use, by a pregnant woman causes deficiencies of thiamine and folic acid. Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects. Cocaine use by a pregnant woman can cause the baby to have a small head and brain alterations. Heroin use by a pregnant woman can cause intrauterine growth restriction and meconium aspiration.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: A, C

In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction. Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability, but eventually it depresses those responses. Nicotine is a psychoactive substance found in tobacco.

[dejastew]

Excellent

[xiazhe]

Gracias!