During visitation on the unit, the nurse is observing the family ...

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During visitation on the unit, the nurse is observing the family dynamics of an adolescent client who has an addiction problem and recognizes that the family is experiencing behaviors consistent with codependence.
 
  Based on this data, which manifestation does the nurse anticipate from the client's family?
  A) Frustration intolerance
  B) Enabling
  C) Argumentative behaviors
  D) Impatience

Question 2

A nurse educator is a teaching a group of students about the comprehensive theory of addiction by George Engel. Which statements indicate that the students understand the theory? Select all that apply.
 
  A) Addiction occurs due to a lack of emotional attachment.
  B) There is a biological factor involved in the development of addiction.
  C) There are social factors that contribute to the development of addiction.
  D) There is a moral factor involved in the development of addiction.
  E) There is a psychological factor involved in the development of addiction.

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Answer to Question 1

Answer: B

Codependents often engage in enabling behavior, which is any action an individual takes that consciously or unconsciously facilitates substance dependence. Although impatience, frustration intolerance, and argumentative behaviors may be present in this family, they are generally not related to the cycle of codependence and addiction.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: B, C, E

The biopsychosocial explanation of addiction is supported by current research and takes a more holistic view of the problem. The biopsychosocial explanation links biological, psychological, and social factors as contributing to the development of addiction. The view of addiction as a moral disease is nontherapeutic. Viewing addiction as only a behavioral or emotional problem oversimplifies a complex issue.