An older adult client is admitted to the hospital after a fall. ...

[OSWALD]

An older adult client is admitted to the hospital after a fall. The client appears intermittently confused. Based on age and current data, which is the client at an increased risk for developing?
 
  A) Kidney damage
  B) Dehydration
  C) Stroke
  D) Bleeding

Question 2

A pediatric nurse is assigned phone triage for the shift. The nurse takes a call from the mother of a 3-month-old infant. The mother tells the nurse that the child has been vomiting and experiencing diarrhea for several days.
 
  Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
  A) You should bring the infant in to be seen by the doctor.
  B) Give your baby at least 2 ounces of juice every 2 hours.
  C) Give your baby 50 mL of glucose water every hour.
  D) Measure your baby's urine output for 24 hours and call back tomorrow.

[komodo7]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: B

As an adult ages, the thirst mechanism declines. In a client with an altered level of consciousness, this can increase the risk of dehydration and high serum osmolality. The risks for kidney damage, stroke, and bleeding are not specifically related to aging or fluid and electrolyte issues.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: A

Parents and caregivers need to be taught the seriousness of vomiting or diarrhea in infants due to rapid fluid loss that can occur in this age group. They should also be taught the importance of bringing an infant in this situation to healthcare providers for evaluation. Encouraging fluids for an infant who is actively vomiting will not improve fluid balance status, and juice and glucose water are not the best choices of fluid. Simply monitoring the loss over the next 24 hours would increase the potential for the infant to become dehydrated.