A student nurse asks what essential hypertension is. What ...

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A student nurse asks what essential hypertension is. What response by the registered nurse is best?
 
  a. It means it is caused by another disease.
  b. It means it is 'essential' that it be treated.
  c. It is hypertension with no specific cause.
  d. It refers to severe and life-threatening hypertension.

Question 2

A nurse is working with a client who takes atorvastatin (Lipitor). The client's recent laboratory results include a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 33 mg/dL and creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL. What action by the nurse is best?
 
  a. Ask if the client eats grapefruit.
  b. Assess the client for dehydration.
  c. Facilitate admission to the hospital.
  d. Obtain a random urinalysis.

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Essential hypertension is the most common type of hypertension and has no specific cause such as an underlying disease process. Hypertension that is due to another disease process is called secondary hypertension. A severe, life-threatening form of hypertension is malignant hypertension.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
There is a drug-food interaction between statins and grapefruit that can lead to acute kidney failure. This client has elevated renal laboratory results, indicating some degree of kidney involvement. The nurse should assess if the client eats grapefruit or drinks grapefruit juice. Dehydration can cause the BUN to be elevated, but the elevation in creatinine is more specific for a kidney injury. The client does not necessarily need to be admitted. A urinalysis may or may not be ordered.

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Excellent

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