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Bacteria have been found alive in a lake buried one half mile under ice in Antarctica.
For about 100 years, scientists thought that peptic ulcers were caused by stress, spicy food, and alcohol. Later, researchers added stomach acid to the list of causes and began treating ulcers with antacids. Now it is known that peptic ulcers are predominantly caused by Helicobacter pylori, a spiral-shaped bacterium that normally exist in the stomach.
Intradermal injections are somewhat difficult to correctly administer because the skin layers are so thin that it is easy to accidentally punch through to the deeper subcutaneous layer.
More than 30% of American adults, and about 12% of children utilize health care approaches that were developed outside of conventional medicine.
In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function, such as in acute kidney (renal) failure.