Answer to Question 1
The placental blood barrier divides the mother's blood from the fetal blood supply. The barrier prevents mixing of maternal and fetal blood cells but permits movement of tiny molecules of nutrients, gases, and waste materials. The movement of most potentially harmful substances from the mother to the fetus is prevented. Some disease-causing substances are known to be transmitted from mother to fetus, often causing birth defects or premature death. Microorganisms such as the rubella virus, HIV, and the bacteria Toxoplasma gondii, substances such as alcohol, and drugs such as Thalidomide cross the placental blood barrier and cause fetal infection or birth defects. Other toxins or microorganisms cross the placental blood barrier during birth when the placenta is torn during the birth process and maternal and fetal blood is mixed.
Answer to Question 2
Zygote, from gamete union to two days later
Embryo, from two days to eight weeks
Fetus, from eight weeks to birth
Neonate, at birth
The patient and his family meet with the nurse to discuss progress on the patient care plan.
Automated blood analyzer.
Role Strain and Role Conflict
Composition of blood.
There are many ways for an individual to monitor his or her blood glucose level
Red blood cells with normal hemoglobin, like the three similar ones, are smooth and round