Which of the following considerations about utilitarianism is correct?
a. The great 19th century utilitarians, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, believed that pleasure and happiness
were different things.
b. Bentham was concerned with the quantity of pleasure that an action produces, not with distinctions based on
the type of the pleasure.
c. Act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism consistently agree upon which actions are morally right.
d. Utilitarians believe that we can't compare one person's happiness with that of another.
Question 2Utilitarians believe that
a. knowledge, friendship, and aesthetic satisfaction are intrinsically valuable (or inherently good).
b. we can predict with certainty the future consequences of our actions.
c. an action that leads to unhappiness is morally right if any other action that you could have performed instead
would have brought about even more unhappiness.
d. an action can't be right if the people who are made happy by it are outnumbered by the people who are made
unhappy by it.
A nineteenth-century Japanese portrait of Commodore Matthew Perry, who “opened up” Japan in 1854.
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Bird carved from soapstone, Great Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe.
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