Answer to Question 1
B
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A Incorrect. A new mother might talk to her baby while the baby is awake to assure the infant that the mother is present and attending to her or his needs. However, that is not the major reason.
B Correct. The nurse advises a new mother to talk to her baby while the baby is awake because babies learn receptive language first and have an understanding of language before they can speak. Language development involves two inter-related processes: receptive language (understanding what others say to you) and expressive language (the ability to speak verbally in a way that others can understand). Children learn receptive language first; therefore, they can understand more than they can verbalize.
C Incorrect. A new mother may talk to her baby while the baby is awake to soothe and calm the infant, but that is not the major rationale.
D Incorrect. A baby does not need to learn baby talk before speaking words. In fact, caregivers should use correct language then talking to their infant. They should not use baby talk.
Answer to Question 2
C
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A Incorrect. Selman's theory about adolescent cognitive development between early and late childhood does not speak to the ability to converse in a reasonable manner with adults.
B Incorrect. Selman's theory about adolescent cognitive development between early and late childhood does not speak to the ability to make right choices 90 of the time.
C Correct. Selman has theorized about adolescents' cognitive development between early and late childhood and has theorized that an adolescent will by late childhood develop the ability to see the reasoning behind others' behavior.
D Incorrect. Selman's theory about adolescent cognitive development between early and late childhood does not speak to the ability to do more than one complex task at a time.
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