Answer to Question 1
B
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A Incorrect. Piaget did not label interactions with the environment that caused people to organize patterns of thought synapses.
B Correct. To Piaget, interactions with the environment caused people to organize patterns of thought (schema), which they used to interpret or make sense of their experiences.
C Incorrect. Piaget did not call interactions with the environment that caused people to organize patterns of thought strings.
D Incorrect. Piaget did not call interactions with the environment that caused people to organize patterns of thought social maps.
Answer to Question 2
C
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A Incorrect. A deficiency of oxygen and a surplus of carbon dioxide in the lungs may result during retractions, but is not causative of retractions.
B Incorrect. Efforts by the infant to take in more air, i.e., expand their lungs, causes the chest wall to contract instead, but does not create a negative-pressure pull.
C Correct. When infants in distress attempt to increase lung volumes, their pliable chest wall moves inward instead of expanding. Retractions occur as the soft tissue surrounding the ribs and sternum move inward during inhalation.
D Incorrect. When an infant is in respiratory distress and having retractions, changes in electrolyte status in the lungs do not cause retractions (further, electrolyte status is not measured in reference to the lungs).
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