Answer to Question 1
C
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beta-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a substance produced by the fetal liver that can be found in both amniotic fluid and maternal serum. The level is abnormally high if the fetus has an open spinal or abdominal wall defect because the open defect allows more AFP to enter the mother's circulation. Although the reason is unclear, the level is low if the fetus has a chromosomal defect such as Down syndrome. Between 85 and 90 of neural tube anomalies, and 80 of Down syndrome babies can be detected by this method. The beta-fetoprotein level is not used to screen for placenta functioning, measure fetal liver function, or test the ability of the patient's heart to accommodate the pregnancy.
Answer to Question 2
A
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The zona pellucida is the clear protein layer that acts as a barrier to other sperm once one sperm enters the ovum for fertilization. The zygote refers to the union of the nuclei of the ovum and sperm resulting in the diploid number of chromosomes. Cleavage is another term for mitosis. The morula is the result of four cleavages leading to 16 cells that appear as a solid ball of cells. The morula reaches the uterine cavity about 72 hours after fertilization.
Bronchoscopy. Figure illustrates physician using a bronchoscope to inspect the patient’s bronchial t
Electrocardiography. (a) Electrodes are placed on the patient’s chest to record the electrical event
beta lactamase mechanism
Inspecting a patient’s ear during a physical examination.
A patient with goiter due to iodine deficiency.
The distribution of malaria and of the hemoglobin variants beta S and beta E.