What does the nurse anticipate to be the initial step in the ...

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What does the nurse anticipate to be the initial step in the evaluation of male infertility?
 
  a. Testicular biopsy c. Semen analysis
  b. Endocrine profiles d. Postcoital test

Question 2

A client who has a third-degree episiotomy is discharged from the hospital. Before she goes home, which measures to prevent constipation should be taught?
 
  a. Ambulate frequently, eat fresh fruits and vegetables, and drink 6 to 8 glasses of water daily.
  b. Do Kegel exercises daily, and drink 10 glasses of water a day.
  c. Self-administer a Fleet enema until normal bowel function returns.
  d. Take prescribed pain medication to relieve the discomfort of defecation.

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Answer to Question 1

C
Semen analysis is a noninvasive diagnostic tool used to determine the most common cause of male infertility, a decrease in the functioning of the sperm. Testicular biopsy is an invasive procedure used to diagnose testicular cancer and is seldom a cause of infertility. Endocrine profiles and postcoital test are not appropriate first steps in diagnosing infertility.

Answer to Question 2

A
The main ingredients in proper bowel function and preventing constipation are activity and adequate fluids and food, especially fruits and vegetables. The episiotomy pain will decrease with exercise. Ambulation is a key ingredient for preventing constipation. Although the Kegel exercises help strengthen the perineal floor muscles, they will not prevent constipation. If a Fleet enema is used, the bowel can become dependent on external forces. Constipation is the most common adverse effect associated with analgesics.

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