Answer to Question 1
A
Response:
Preschool-age children need to develop a sense of initiative, and helping the child to explore her area of the hospital would help meet this developmental need. Craft projects and introducing the child to other children would help build a sense of industry and peer relationships, both of which are needs of the school-age child. Limiting the number of people providing care is a trust-building intervention, beginning in infancy.
Answer to Question 2
B
Response:
Children with Down syndrome do not require a special diet unless underlying gastrointestinal disease is present. However, a balanced, high-fiber diet and regular exercise are important. Getting cervical x-rays between 3 and 5 years of age is the screening method for atlantoaxial instability, which is seen in about 14 of children with Down syndrome. Evaluation by a pediatric cardiologist before 3 months of age, including an echocardiogram, is important since children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for heart disease. The child will be more susceptible to infectious diseases.
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