The nurse is assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13-month-old ...

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The nurse is assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13-month-old child. The nurse knows to auscultate which of the following sites to obtain an accurate assessment?
 
  A) Radial pulse
  B) Brachial pulse
  C) Apical pulse at the third or fourth intercostal space
  D) Apical pulse at the fourth or fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line

Question 2

Although circumcision continues to be a controversial procedure, many parents in the United States elect to have this surgery performed on their newborn sons.
 
  It is believed that newborns do not feel pain; therefore, this is the optimum time for the procedure to be done and no anesthesia is required. Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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Answer to Question 1

C

Answer to Question 2

F
At one time it was thought that newborns felt no pain. It is now known that pain stimuli pass along the fetal pain pathways as early as the second and third trimester. The nurse who assists with this procedure has a number of options available to reduce the pain response for the neonate. These include a dorsal penile block, EMLA, acetaminophen, and sucrose.