A school-age child with chronic renal failure is admitted to the ...

[jrubin]

A school-age child with chronic renal failure is admitted to the hospital with a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which prescribed medication should the nurse plan to administer?
 
  a. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
  b. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
  c. Lactulose (Cephulac)
  d. Calcium carbonate (Calcitab)

Question 2

A preschool child is being admitted to the hospital with dehydration and a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which urinalysis result should the nurse expect with these conditions?
 
  a. WBC <1; specific gravity 1.008 c. WBC >2; specific gravity 1.016
  b. WBC <2; specific gravity 1.025 d. WBC >2; specific gravity 1.030

[chem1s3]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Normal serum potassium levels in a school-age child are 3.5 to 5 mEq/L. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is administered to reduce serum potassium levels. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and should not be used if the serum potassium is elevated. Lactulose is administered to reduce ammonia levels in patients with liver disease. Calcium carbonate may be prescribed as a calcium supplement, but it will not reduce serum potassium levels.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
The white blood cell count (WBC) in a routine urinalysis should be <1 secretion.