Author Question: The nurse is teaching a parent of a 10-year-old child who will be discharged with a venous access ... (Read 71 times)

pepyto · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

The nurse is teaching a parent of a 10-year-old child who will be discharged with a venous access device (VAD). What statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

a. I should have my child wear a protective vest when my child wants to participate in contact sports.
b. I should apply pressure to the entry site to the vein, not the exit site, if the VAD is accidentally removed.
c. I can expect my child to have feelings of general malaise for 1 week after the VAD is inserted.
d. I should give my child a sponge bath for the first 2 weeks after the VAD is inserted; then I can allow my child to take a bath.

Question 2

What type of diarrhea is associated with an inflammation of the mucosa and submucosa in the ileum and colon caused by infectious agents?

a. Osmotic
b. Secretory
c. Cytotoxic
d. Dysenteric

kbennett34 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
The parents of a child with a VAD should be taught to apply pressure to the entry site to the vein, not the exit site, if the VAD is accidentally removed. The child should not participate in contact sports, even with a protective vest, to prevent the VAD from becoming dislodged. General malaise is a sign of an infection, not an expected finding after insertion of the VAD. The child can shower or take a bath after insertion of the VAD; the child does not need a sponge bath for any length of time.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Dysenteric diarrhea is associated with an inflammation of the mucosa and submucosa in the ileum and colon caused by infectious agents such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, or Shigella organisms. Edema, mucosal bleeding, and leukocyte infiltration occur. Osmotic diarrhea occurs when the intestine cannot absorb nutrients or electrolytes. It is commonly seen in malabsorption syndromes such as lactose intolerance. Secretory diarrhea is usually a result of bacterial enterotoxins that stimulate fluid and electrolyte secretion from the mucosal crypt cells, the principal secretory cells of the small intestine. Cytotoxic diarrhea is characterized by the viral destruction of the villi of the small intestine. This results in a smaller intestinal surface area, with a decreased capacity for fluid and electrolyte absorption.