What laboratory finding should the nurse expect in a child with ...

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What laboratory finding should the nurse expect in a child with an excess of water?
 
  a. Decreased hematocrit
  b. High serum osmolality
  c. High urine specific gravity
  d. Increased blood urea nitrogen

Question 2

What clinical manifestation(s) is associated with calcium depletion (hypocalcemia)?
 
  a. Nausea, vomiting
  b. Weakness, fatigue
  c. Muscle hypotonicity
  d. Neuromuscular irritability

[guyanai]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
The excess water in the circulatory system results in hemodilution. The laboratory results show a falsely decreased hematocrit. Laboratory analysis of blood that is hemodiluted reveals decreased serum osmolality and blood urea nitrogen. The urine specific gravity is variable relative to the child's ability to correct the fluid imbalance.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Neuromuscular irritability is a clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia. Nausea and vomiting occur with hypercalcemia and hypernatremia. Weakness, fatigue, and muscle hypotonicity are clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia.

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