What term is used to describe an abnormally increased convex ...

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What term is used to describe an abnormally increased convex angulation in the curvature of the thoracic spine?
 
  a. Scoliosis
  b. Lordosis
  c. Kyphosis
  d. Ankylosis

Question 2

Parents are considering treatment options for their 5-year-old child with Legg-Calv-Perthes disease. Both surgical and conservative therapies are appropriate. They are able to verbalize the differences between the therapies when they make what statement?
 
  a. All therapies require extended periods of bed rest.
  b. Conservative therapy will be required until puberty.
  c. Our child cannot attend school during the treatment phase.
  d. Surgical correction requires a 3- to 4-month recovery period.

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Kyphosis is an abnormally increased convex angulation in the curvature of the thoracic spine. Scoliosis is a complex spinal deformity usually involving lateral curvature, spinal rotation causing rib asymmetry, and thoracic hypokyphosis. Lordosis is an accentuation of the cervical or lumbar curvature beyond physiologic limits. Ankylosis is the immobility of a joint.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Surgical correction involves additional risks of anesthesia, infection, and possibly blood transfusion. The recovery period is only 3 to 4 months rather than the 2 to 4 years of conservative therapies. The use of nonweight-bearing appliances and surgical intervention does not require prolonged bed rest. Conservative therapy is indicated for 2 to 4 years. The child is encouraged to attend school and engage in activities that can be adapted to therapeutic appliances.