Answer to Question 1
The Industrial Revolution was an economic force that yielded the need for advertising. It took Western societies away from household self-sufficiency as a method of fulfilling material needs to dependency on a marketplace as a way of life. It was a basic force behind the rapid increase in mass-produced goods that required stimulation of demandsomething that advertising can sometimes be good at. By providing a need for advertising, the Industrial Revolution was a basic influence in its emergence and growth in Western economies.
Part of the Industrial Revolution was a revolution in transportation, dramatically symbolized by the eastwest connection of the United States in 1869 by the railroad. This connection represented the beginnings of the distribution network needed to move the mass quantities of goods for which advertising would help stimulate demand. In the 1840s, the principle of limited liability gained acceptance and resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of capital to finance the Industrial Revolution.
Rapid population growth and urbanization began taking place in the 1800s. Modernity gave rise to both urbanism and advertising. Overall, the growth and concentration of population provided the marketplaces that were essential to the widespread use of advertising. As the potential grew for goods to be produced, delivered, and introduced to large numbers of people residing in concentrated areas, the stage was set for advertising to emerge and flourish.
Answer to Question 2
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Alexander Fleming photographed in his lab where he observed the natural competition between a fungus
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